There is an alternative described here: How do I get a "Range Select Tool"? - #10 by bevoorrading, however it seems parts of the solution have been deprecated in the last two years. The _clone() function in particular seems to be gone.
There is also this feature request which maybe was originally supposed to do what I want, [FEATURE] Support BoxSelectTool-like range-setting for the RangeTool · Issue #13646 · bokeh/bokeh · GitHub, but it looks like the way it was implemented it just modifies plot ranges, it doesn’t perform any actual selection on the underlying data like a BoxSelectTool does.